The Journal of the Society for Art and Science
Cover sheet for paper submissions

* Paper Types (choose one)
  - Original Full Paper 

* Paper Field｣ｨchoose one｣ｩ
  3) Fusion (Art and Science)

* Categories (choose one or more)
  b-1) Human Interfaces
  c-2) Interactive Art Content 

* Special Issue Correspondence (choose one｣ｩ
  - Submission for a Special Issue (Name: NicoInt2025 )

* Title
Detecting Hodo and Zu in Bunraku Nonverbal Communication using Hilbert-Huang Transform 

* Author(s)
Xunan LIU (Non-Member)  
Ran DONG (Regular Member)  
Dongsheng CAI  (Non-Member) 
｡ｭ
** Please include one of (Regular Member / Student Member / Non Member) as appropriate for each author name.
** Note that at least one of the authors should be a regular member (not a student member) before the time of publication. If there are no regular members among the authors, the paper is acceptable on the premise that one of the authors will complete the member application procedure.

* Author Affiliation(s)
Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba
School of Engineering, Chukyo University
Faculty of Management, Nagoya University of Commerce and Business

* Author E-mail Address(es)
liuxunan@cavelab.cs.tsukuba.ac.jp
randong@sist.chukyo-u.ac.jp
dongsheng_cau@nucba.ac.jp

* Name, Address, Affiliation, Telephone number, Fax number, and E-mail Address of the Contact Person
Name: Xunan LIU
Address: Ibarakiken tsukubashi Ten'nodai 2-1 Tsukubadaigaku ichinoya shukusha 20c
Affiliation: Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba
Telephone number: 08021169802
E-mail Address: liuxunan@cavelab.cs.tsukuba.ac.jp

* Abstract (approx. 100 words)
Nonverbal communication relies on human actions to convey information through signals. In Bunraku puppetry performance, a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage, three puppeteers manipulate a single puppet using the rhythmic structure of "Hodo" and "Zu". The puppeteer master embeds cues, "Hodo" and "Zu", into the puppet's movements, guiding coordination. However, the mechanics of these cues remain unclear. Despite this, shared gestures and rhythms enable seamless collaboration. This paper proposes a signal analysis framework using Principal Component Analysis and Hilbert-Huang Transform to investigate how puppeteers achieve nonverbal communication, synchronizing movements and rhythmic variations to manipulate the puppet with natural fluidity. The correlation analysis using Procrustes Analysis, Mutual Information, and Canonical Correlation Analysis, along with the examples identified through this method, all meet statistical significance across these three validation approaches, confirming the effectiveness of our method.

* Keywords (around five)
non-verbal cooperation, Bunraku, principal component analysis, Hilbert-Huang transform

** Authors should submit their manuscripts (PDF or WORD format) to the secretariat of The Society of Art and Science by web page for submission, with a cover sheet (in plain text). The secretariat will inform the author of the receipt number after receiving the manuscript.
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